1,2-Pentanediol (PG), also known as monopropyl alcohol and 1,2-dihydroxypropane, is a small molecule organic compound with the chemical formula C3H8O2. Under normal conditions, it is a colorless, odorless, low-toxicity viscous liquid with water-absorbing properties and good stability. It has water-absorbing capabilities. Chemically, 1,2-pentanediol belongs to a type of diol and is miscible with water, ethanol, and various organic solvents. It is used as a lubricant, moisture-absorbing agent, and solvent in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries; it is also an excipient that can improve the dissolution performance of drugs and is widely used in local, oral, or intravenous pharmaceutical products.